Adjective, adverb, and noun clauses

ADJECTIVE, ADVERB, AND NOUN 
CLAUSES

👉𝓐𝓭𝓳𝓮𝓬𝓽𝓲𝓿𝓮 𝓒𝓵𝓪𝓾𝓼𝓮𝓼

It is a subordinate clause that describes a noun or pronoun. 

explanation: summer, which is my favorite season, is fun and enjoyable.

*Summer ---- is fun and enjoyable: there are independent clause because they can stand by itselves

*Which is my favorite season:  this is an A.C because it is describing the noun summer. 

Also, it is an dependent clause because it cannot stand by itself.

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Examples:

➤➧ Lana, who is my little dog, is friendly with the rest of my family.

➤➧ The strawberry cheesecake that I cooked was exquisite.

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👉𝓐𝓭𝓿𝓮𝖗𝖇 𝓒𝓵𝓪𝓾𝓼𝓮𝓼 

It is a subordinate or dependent clause that modifies a verb, adjective, or an adverb.

Explanation:  the lake is very enjoyable, as long as the water isn't freezing cold.

*as long as the water isn't freezing cold: this is an adv.clause because it describes the adjective, enjoyable.

*the lake is very enjoyable: it's an independent clause because it can stand by itself. 

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EXAMPLES:

➤➧ I have to keep calm even if my family is worry during the earthquake

➤➧ Danny lost his necklace because he never saved it in his backpack.

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👉𝓝𝓸𝓾𝓷  𝓒𝓵𝓪𝓾𝓼𝓮𝓼

It is a subordinate clause used as a noun.

it can be used as:

• Subject
• Direct object 
• Indirect object
• Object of a preposition 
• Predicate noun.

Explanation:

*Whoever had a fun summer doesn't like returning to school.

this is one complete sentence.

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Examples:

➤➧ I think that you can improve your skills.

➤➧ Carol's research is about how Costa Rican families support themselves. 

Cause and/or effect - structure words.

 

🅲🅰🆄🆂🅴 🅰🅽🅳/🅾🆁 🅴🅵🅵🅴🅲🆃 -

🆂🆃🆁🆄🅲🆃🆄🆁🅴 🆆🅾🆁🅳🆂.

facial mask   /   pandemic   /   social distancing   /  

become infected   /   high-risk population group

   💥 We should wear a facial mask because coronavirus is easily transmissible.

   💥 People may avoid to have contact with sick people due to they also can become  infected.

   💥 As a consequence of the pandemic, I cannot visit my grandmother.

   💥 Coronavirus affects high-risk population group.

   💥 The higher increase in cases is the effect of don’t keep social distancing.

connecting ideas - run-on sentence.

 

2. Usually, volcano eruptions follow several earthquakes, and in the 24-hour period before the eruption in May, nine earthquakes were recorded.

3. At many U.S universities, female students dramatically outnumber males, so college administrations are considering how to attract more male students.

4. Many students have to decide whether to go to college full-time and take out a student loan, or they could go to college part-time and get a job.

5. Dancers develop a sense of balance; for example, they develop a sense of grace.

6. Two of the boys speak Finnish because they study at a Finnish school on the weekends.

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2. Since we live in a large apartment building, I know a lot of other kids, who are my age, and we can always find something to do.

3. Sometimes I can’t answer the teacher’s question, but I know the answer.

4. Member of varsity sports team aren’t supposed to hold part-time jobs, but it’s not legal for the school district to forbid them to have jobs. 

5. It’s not legal for the school district to forbid them to have jobs because it’s like an unspoken rule.

6. Most of the crossword puzzle in this book are so long, I can’t do them all at once. Therefore, I have to go back once or twice, or sometimes even three times to get all the words.

Responding to a reading.

Outline: 

Thesis Statement: We agree with Amanda Schaffer because kids who have been immersed in this kind of games can get into fights easily and even children can solve conflicts in real life as they face them in games, that is to say in an agressive way.

1. Immersed in violent games

A. Fights 

B. Argue with people

2. Solve conflicts in real life as in video games

1. Aggressive ways

2. Desensitizes children

Conclusion: video games can be very violent for children because these have several aggressive sections. 

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Negative effects of video games

Video games can boost the violence in children. Nowadays, children have been spending more time in front of a screen playing video games. All of those video games can become a two-edged sword because it has been demonstrated that kids who play games with higher content of violence can have aggressive responses in certain moments such as playing contact sports. In an article published in Slate magazine on April 27, 2007. Amanda Schaffer points out “it shows that playing more-violent video games predicts higher levels of verbal and physical later on” (p. 162-163)   We agree with Amanda Schaffer because kids who have been immersed in this kind of games can get into fights easily and even children can solve conflicts in real life as they face them in games, that is to say in an aggressive way.

Currently, video games have been part of daily life in many homes. Children are exposed to the internet; it means, they can have access to download any kind of video games. The amount of types of them are incredible, some of them have parental advisors, but some parents do not care about it or they do not pay attention about which is the content of that. According to Schaffer (2007) she refers that “kids who are more immersed in violence games may be more likely to get into physical fights, argue with teachers, or display anger and hostility” (162).  Playing violent games can turn a quiet child into a troubled one, it is because they are learning about how to fight or punch someone, and they do not care if the other one is hurted. Also, some video games use obscene language in their characters in such a way that it can increase their bad behavior at the time to argue with other people. To sum up, video games can infer in a negative way in children's behavior. 

In her article, Schaffer mentions that video games can desensitize children due to the increase in violence that it generates in their behaviors. A surprising fact is that children can relate real-life conflicts to those in games and look for similar solutions. The games encourage children to practice aggressive solutions which means that all these thoughts can be available when they have to face real life problems (Schaffer, 2007). As we know, games have many violent characters and actions that can expose children to react in the same way and it is for this reason that there has been an increase in violence and anger in children. Sometimes when they have a problem in real life they can act in a similar way to games because these have a great influence on their lives. Video games make children violent for the reason that the brain sometimes cannot differentiate between reality and fiction, for example; when we watch a scary movie it makes us feel scared. So, it is clear that some games have a great influence on children's attitudes.  

Finally, video games can be very violent for children because these have several aggressive sections. Children tend to immerse themselves in the plots of games and can relate fiction to what they experience daily. Also, people's behaviors can change due to the influence that games have on them. Every day you can see how the world has more cases of mental illness and one cause can be video games as we already mentioned. Also, these behaviors affect their relationship with people because they are very violent and tend to argue aggressively with their parents or friends. So, the best decision that parents could make is to take control over what their children play, they can also buy them age-appropriate games and share free time with them.

Responding to a reading

     Week #6

In this entry we are going to talk about how to respond to a reading. It will be presented in a short video with my classmate Sharon Lacayo.

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week #5

 ░R░e░p░o░r░t░e░d░ ░s░p░e░e░c░h░

➲ Reported speech (Direct and indirect speech)

when we can use reported speech to report what a speaker said without using the exact words that the other person said.

💥 Use words like: said (that), indicated, mentioned, reported. To show that you are reporting someone else's opinion.

➲ Contrasting Direct and indirect speech

➲ How to use reported speech?

#1

➲ Example ➲

🔼 Notice that when we develop a indirect speech we change the main verb, it is based on the pattern of image #1. Depending on the direct speech you must change the verb for one that is required, off course, based on the pattern shown previously. 

 

In this video you will find more information about this interesting topic

💣What a topic! this topic is a bit confusing, but it's  important to learn because I can use it when I want to report someone else's opinion. Also, it is other way to speak.

Practice make master. if i want to improve i have to study and put in practice this topic and the other ones. 

Run-On Sentences and Fragments

 week #4

🔺🔻🔺SENTENCE FRAGMENTS🔻🔺🔻

➥ A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence.  Some fragments are incomplete because they need a component to be completed. The missing component may be:

•  a subject (usually a noun).
• a predicate (verb or verb phrase).
• when the sentence doesn't express a complete idea.

➥ The fragments that most english learner have troubles are dependent clauses; however, they have subject and verb, they look like one complete sentence, but they don't express a complete thought.

For that reason, they're called ‟dependent”  because they can't stand on their own.

➥  Examples of fragments.

• Because she has a headache. ➥ this is fragment because shows an incomplete thought
• She is going to take a nap because she has a headache. ➥This is a complete thought.
• Since she ran.➥ this is fragment because shows an incomplete thought.

➥ How can find and fix that fragments? 

• Basic pattern: Subject + verb + complete thought
• Firstly, you have to recognize this pattern.
• Then, find out in the sentence for subordinating conjunctions 
• Finally, make sure that they are attached to an independent clause.

She ate cornflakes. (independent clause)

Because her mom didn't cook gallo pinto. (Dependent clause😲 ¡Fragment!)

✅She ate cornflakes because her mom didn't cook gallo pinto.

🔻🔺🔻Run - on sentences🔻🔺🔻

➥ Run-on are two complete sentences (independent clauses) placed together, but without separating them correctly. 

➥ Remember!

a complete sentence has three components.

• Subject. 👉 (actor in the sentence)  
• Predicate.👉 (the verb or action) 
• Complete thought.👉(complete idea in the sentence)

*However, some sentences can be short, with only 2 or 3 words, but it express a complete thought.

👉 They waited.*

👉 They waited for the bus all morning 

➥ Examples of run-on

I love eat hamburgers I could eat one every day

Notice that there are two complete sentences. It means, we can separate both, and they will have coherence. 

➥ Examples of comma splice

💣 I am sleepy, I have to go to highschool.

1.  I am sleepy.

2. I have to go to highschool.  

💣 how to fix run-on s?

• Use a period. Make a complete sentence. This works especially when we have longer sentences.

Example: I have been writing my new story. I would like to write every day.

• Use  a semicolon. Insert a semicolon between two independent clauses.

Example:  I have been writing my new story; I would like to write every day.

• Connect two independent with a comma and a coordinator (FANBOYS). using it you can correct 

Example:  I have been writing my new story, so I would like to write every day.

• Use a subordinator. Turn one of the independent clause into a dependent clause. 

Example:  I have been writing my new story, so I would like to write every day.

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It is interesting. Every topic has a different level of difficult, but studying them we can master them. 

In conclusion,  sometimes study grammar is exhausted but when you can apply in a correct way every rule, you are going to feel smarter :) for real!